A skin disorder that could by sun, hormones, inflammation of the skin (acne), or injury - Hyper pigmentation of the skin due to excessive secretion of melanin darkening. The human skin contains specialized cells called melanocytes, which make able and secretion "melanin", a pigment that are also in the retina of our eyes and our hair. Melanin has the unique ability to absorb UV radiation and thus prevent.
The harmful effects of sun exposure UV radiation causes damage to our DNA, thereby producing deleterious mutations. The risk of skin cancer Thus, it is a normal biological produce tan urgency of our body causing more melanin in response to sunlight. Normally this applies equally for all skin types, including Asian, Mediterranean and African skin tones. However, when melanin is produced excessively, it can cause hyperpigmentation. In this case, skin showing dark spots or patches that often intensify existing freckles. However, some people with mutations in MITF, a particular gene of the melanin biosynthetic pathway, do not get a darker tan when exposed to the sun. These people are called the "redhead", which run the risk of skin cancer more than the rest of us.
Darkening of the skin or hyperpigmentation can also occur due to some physiological conditions or diseases. Addison's disease and Cushing's disease are good examples. Melasma, where hyper-pigmentation can be found in pregnant women, is another example. Whatever be the cause, the current treatment of these diseases are often the same. Skin creams with bleaching chemicals like alpha-hydroxy acids are effective over a long period. Other chemicals and / or plant are also in use for the treatment of hyperpigmentation. Hydroquinone, kojic acid, azelaic acid or retinoic acid may also be effective, where due to the pigmentation acne.
Some anti-aging formulations also lighten dark skin due to the presence of anti-oxidants in them that prevent skin damage caused by free radicals induced by stress. However, the best way to deal with hyperpigmentation from sun exposure in order to prevent it in the first place. Sunscreen lotions, has a higher SPF, protects the skin against UV radiation, whereby the skin reacts with excess melanin secretion. This not only prevents excessive skin darkening, but also prevents DNA damage in skin cells reduces the risk of skin cancer. Prevention that really the key to a lifetime of beautiful skin.
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